pH and Alkalinity Changes in Wetlands: 2025 Zoology Thesis Excerpt
Introduction:
An introduction to topic “pH and Alkalinity Changes in Wetlands”, Water bodies undergo natural fluctuations in pH and alkalinity throughout the year, influencing aquatic life and water chemistry.
This excerpt from a 2025 zoology thesis explains how photosynthesis, temperature, rainfall, and dissolved minerals affect the pH balance and buffering capacity of Indian wetlands — a key consideration in fish culture and water quality monitoring.
Table of Contents
Excerpt Section:
“pH is an indication of the acidity and alkalinity of water. It affects mineral solubility, chemical reactions, and the efficiency of water treatment procedures. A pH level beyond the permitted range can harm water treatment systems and aquatic life.”
“pH rises in the water body in the morning and falls in the evening in the fish culture pond. (Ojha et al., 2004). Higher pH was correlated with strong photosynthetic activity in the Pindvani Pond of Central India (Harney et al., 2013).”
“According to drinking water quality standard IS10500:2012, pH range of 6.5 to 8.5 is the best for drinking water, in India. Bobdey et al.
(2014) observed the highest pH in the summer months by increasing carbonate and bicarbonate and minimum pH in cold season due to low turbidity and low water temperature in Bhiwapur Lake, Dist. Nagpur (M.S) India.”
“The best pH range for planktonic growth is between 5.0 and 8.5 (Dixit, 2015). This pH range changes because plants and animals lose carbon dioxide during photosynthesis and gain it back when they breathe.”
“The loss or gain of liquid gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide causes the pH to change quickly. Most of the pH of natural water is controlled by reactions involving the carbonate system (Uddin., 2016).”
“The Magadi Hill range Lake and reservoir have been found to have a pH range of 6.7 to 8.4, which is safe for aquatic life (Myniyellappa, 2018).
Fluctuating dissolved oxygen percentage increases with elevation of pH level in water bodies, DO and pH increase constantly from December and were observed high in January due to less rainfall (Iseri et al., 2022).”
“The quantity of water that can neutralize acids and bases is known as its alkalinity. It is sometimes referred as buffer capacity for water. Alkalinity was maximum during summer due to decreases in the level of water.”
“Hujre M.S. (2008) reported the total alkalinity range from 96.7 to 166.9 mg/l. they observed maximum value in summers and minimum during the monsoon and then in the cold season, during both years of their study period in Attigre tank, Kolhapur Dist., Maharashtra.”
“The total alkalinity of the water body shows seasonal variation. Mudbe (2010) reported a maximum total alkalinity of 173mg/l in December (Winter) a minimum of 60mg/l in September (Monsoon season) and an intermediate during summer season.
Total alkalinity was minimal during the summer duration due to the mixing of more water of the Dam (Turori Dam) by Rainwater.”
“Similar observation was found in a water source from Laxmi Taal, Jhansi, India, as total alkalinity ranged from 162.00 to 175.00 mg/dm3 (Tirthesh and Ramendra, 2016).
Banjara et al. (2019) reported a total alkalinity range from 151-190 mg/l from Urban and Rural ponds of the Raipur district.”
Source Citation:
- Researcher’s full name: Siddharth University
- Thesis title: Seasonal Variations in Hydrological Parameters and Status of Fish Diversity in Bichnaiyya Lake Wetland of District Basti UP India
- University and Department: Siddharth University, Department of Zoology
- Year of submission: 2025
- Page number: Pages 11–12
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